Home\Engage\Conferences\2023 WateReuse Symposium\2023 Symposium Program\Technical Session Descriptions

Technical Session Descriptions

2023 WateReuse Symposium

Sunday Afternoon

Advances in Interagency Collaboration

EPA’s National Water Reuse Action Plan (WRAP) included a two-year study to identify the elements of successful multi-agency water reuse programs. This presentation extends that analysis to consider the potential of interagency collaborations to create public-private partnerships and to help under-served communities reuse water.

Quantification of Carbon Emissions in Potable Reuse Treatment Configuration

Potable water reuse benefits are numerous, but the implementation of potable reuse requires significant infrastructure and power which may result in increased carbon emissions. Understanding the carbon emissions for different potable reuse treatment configurations is crucial in achieving the best balance between water sustainable and climate change adaptation.

How Reuse Went from Aspirational to Imperative in the Tualatin Basin, Oregon

Clean Water Services (CWS) reuse program objectives include creating ecosystem services in response to climate change through use of a dependable water supply. Beneficial uses are being assessed through a robust pilot study to help create ecosystem services opportunities and provide information needed to create reasonable and predictable compliance pathways.

Innovative Membrane-Based Approach for High-Strength Industrial Wastewater Reuse (IA)

Fermentation wastewater is often difficult to treat since it is high in total solids (TS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Here we demonstrate an innovative filtration-based solution to recover clean, reusable water while generating a value-added animal feed co-product.

Ozone Disinfection Credit Without a Residual! (UT, VA, FL, Israel)

Ozone is a key process in potable reuse, providing disinfection and chemical destruction. Conventional methods for ozone dose control, using concentration×time, result in significant disinfection byproducts. New research documents ozone dose control using the Ozone to TOC ratio to accurately predict virus disinfection and chemical removal while minimizing byproduct formation.

Advanced Treatment with ZLD to Meet Internal Reuse at an Industrial Facility (IA)

As part of a design for a new WRF to meet stringent discharge requirements for selenium removal from process wastewater, results from bench- and pilot-scale studies using ultrafiltration, closed circuit reverse osmosis membranes, reject handling by brine crystallizer (ZLD) will be presented. RO permeate will be reused in the facility.

Optimizing CBAT: A Pilot Study Comparing Direct vs Conventional Filtration (VA)

In the context of carbon-based advanced treatment for indirect potable reuse, direct filtration is a potential cost-savings alternative to conventional filtration.  Direct filtration pilot study results demonstrate the ability to achieve treatment goals at a lower cost and unveil the conservative nature of drinking water disinfection criteria.

Breaking Even and Beyond: Water Reuse at EV Battery Facilities

This presentation will review options for water reuse identified at electric vehicle (EV) lithium-ion battery production facilities. Conceptual level direct (financial) and indirect (environmental) costs for implementing various water reuse scenarios were developed and compared against costs associated with equivalent municipal water supply volumes and wastewater services at these facilities.

What Carbon-Based Advanced Treatment Offers to Potable Reuse (OR)

This presentation will highlight Ozone/BAC and how it adds treatment redundancy and robustness as the core processes of the carbon-based advanced treatment (CBAT) coupled with the right bromate control and PFAS removal strategy can allow for a more efficient and concentrate free treatment train for potable reuse projects.

Monday Morning

Keynote Address & Opening Session

Keynote Address: The Water Cycle and the City of the Future A-P Hurd

A-P Hurd is a developer and consultant who works on projects that match capital with building better cities. In this session, A-P will discuss the impact of the regulatory environment on developing the cities we want—and in particular its impact on water management. These regulatory frameworks have impacts at multiple scales that   ultimately influence energy use, water quality, peak stormwater flows, and opportunities for water reuse. A-P will also examine how our measurement and environmental assessment systems (such as SEPA and NEPA) impact our ability to innovate and improve water use in both positive and negative ways, and some of the unintended consequences of these environmental frameworks that were developed nearly 50 years ago and that deeply influence how cities and landscapes are developed and managed today. A-P is the author of The Carbon Efficient City, a book that looks at urban systems and how to build better, more delightful cities that also minimize water and energy use (Recognizing that these issues are deeply interconnected). For nine years, she taught a   graduate course on sustainability and land use economics in the College of Built Environments at the University of Washington. She speaks and writes frequently on   urban issues including housing, mobility, and how they intersect with equity and resource management.

Roundtable Discussion: Reimagining Water Together — Creating a Modern, Resilient, and Equitable Future with Water Recycling

Our panel of utility leaders and community stakeholders will discuss how water recycling can be a critical tool in promoting equitable solutions that ensure underserved communities see the benefits, not just the burdens, of infrastructure planning and delivery. The discussion will explore how more cities can use water recycling programs to mitigate the water supply consequences of climate change, ensure broader water accessibility and affordability, particularly in disadvantaged communities, and support economic stability and growth.

Expanding Water Reuse to Small and Underserved Communities: Lessons Learned (CA, ID, KS)

60 Minute Panel
This session provides an overview of WRAP Action 8.5 and highlights the successes and challenges. The four panelists will provide unique insights into how the lessons learned from this Action can be scaled to support the adoption of water reuse by small and underserved communities across the United States.

Water and Health: A Physician Looks at Water Reuse (CA)

60 Minute Panel
With support from Valley Water, USEPA and CDC, Santa Clara County Medical Association physicians wrote a series of articles about "Water and Health," focusing on Valley Water's Purified Water Project. Representatives from these groups have been invited to discuss the health professional's perspective and its importance to public acceptance.

World-Wide Water Reuse Implementation Critical to meet SDGs (Germany, Singapore, United States)

60 Minute Panel
This IWA Water Reuse Specialty Group panel will share trends on implementation, regulation, and treatment from across the globe. The panel will discuss how reuse is viewed internationally as critical to meeting the SDG goals and the US role in ensuring water reuse continues be part of global water resiliency.

Risk-Based Guidance for Treated Produced Water Reuse: Progress and Opportunities

60 Minute Panel
Risk-based guidance for reuse of treated produced water outside the oilfield relies on hazard identification and exposure assessment using best-available information. This session presents new perspectives and novel approaches for conducting risk assessments to inform guidance on reuse treatment targets while linking current efforts   to previous recommendations.

Standardizing Quantitative Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance to Inform Risk (VA)

60 Minute Panel
Increasing levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has increased calls for improved monitoring of the environment such as components of the water cycle.  This panel describes key elements of effective monitoring: 1) standardized methodologies, 2) appropriate risk models, and 3) statistically robust sampling to inform risk and mitigation.

National Water Reuse Policy Panel

60 Minute Panel
During this session, WateReuse National Policy Committee Chair Jon Freedman, WateReuse Director of Government Affairs and Policy, Greg Fogel, and leaders from a number of WateReuse state sections will discuss state and federal advocacy work. Panelists will compare and contrast across states and across scales of government. Topics will include how policy is made, how to successfully engage regulatory agencies, and how to build fruitful relationships with decision makers.

The Next Phase of Reuse in San Diego: Planning for the Central Area Project (CA)

60 Minute Panel
The City of San Diego is planning for Phase 2 of its Pure Water Program which envisions both indirect and direct potable reuse options. This panel session will discuss the regulatory context of the options and the detailed design and testing of the Central Area Small-Scale Facility.

Monday Afternoon

Small Budget, Big Infrastructure: How We Are Building a Sustainable and Resilient Water

WRD’s LVLAWTF had additional capacity above existing Alamitos Barrier demands. To provide additional supply for improved local groundwater resiliency, WRD installed an onsite high-capacity injection well. This was a jointly managed project by WRD’s engineering and hydrogeology departments. This presentation will walk through the entire process of this successful installation.

Talk to the People: Communicating about Boise’s Recycled Water Program (ID)

The City of Boise’s Recycled Water Program is built on a legacy of community feedback. As the Program gained definition, the city committed to keeping community members engaged in and informed of project progress by creating clear messaging that resonates with the community that informed the program from the beginning.

Groundwater Recharge Utilizing Direct Injection of Stormwater and Urban Runoff (CA)

This paper provides an overview on the implementation of one of the first stormwater direct injection projects for groundwater recharge in California.  A comprehensive stormwater and urban runoff characterization were completed to develop a treatment approach to meet Title 22 Groundwater Replenishment Reuse Project dilution water requirements.

Setting and Realizing a Corporate Water Reuse Goal

Learn how an industrial manufacturer set its internal water reuse goal and is currently working to reuse more water than it withdrawals by 2035.

Virus Log Removal During Secondary Wastewater Treatment Ahead of Potable Reuse (CA)

Orange County Water District undertook a multi-year study evaluating virus removal through primary and secondary wastewater treatment. Project goals included understanding pathogen concentrations in wastewater and obtaining virus log removal credits for indirect potable reuse. Objectives included agency collaboration, selecting statistical modeling approaches, developing operational envelopes, and obtaining regulatory acceptance.

REUSExplorer: a Compilation of US State Water Reuse Regulations

EPA has compiled existing water reuse specifications in state regulations as part of the National Water Reuse Action Plan Action 3.1. This presentation will demonstrate the new tool Regulations and End-Use Specifications Explorer (REUSExplorer) and describe key takeaways.

Validating Advanced Water Treatment for Managed Aquifer Recharge in Anne Arundel (MD)

To improve long-term water supply and water quality, and reduce nutrient discharges in the Chesapeake Bay, Anne Arundel County’s Our wAAter Program is evaluating AWT options for managed aquifer recharge. This presentation will include results from the carbon-based AWT pilot plant used for validating treatment to enhance water quality.

Holistic Water Management in a Small Community: Plant City’s Potable Reuse Quest (FL)

The City of Plant City is a small community that is evaluating potable reuse for drinking water augmentation. The City is currently piloting a potable reuse train. Results from the potable reuse pilot will aid in planning and execution to secure the future of the City's potable drinking water supply.

The Art of Storytelling: Partnerships, Creativity & Messaging w/ BBC StoryWorks (CA)

Pure Water Soquel is included in a BBC StoryWorks online worldwide series of short films about water innovation and sustainability. Learn how we told the story of water reuse with our partnerships, used engaging visual elements in the film, and addressed the science while not being overly technical.

Climate Resiliency Planning and Adaptive Design for Future Water Projects (CA)

The City of Los Angeles (City), LA Sanitation and Environment (LASAN), is developing a customized tool to actively plan and continually improve the City’s resiliency. The climate resiliency evaluation tool is being developed to assist LASAN in identifying climate risks and vulnerabilities of a proposed project.

To Dye or Not to Dye (Massachusetts Plumbing Water Recycling Policy)

The negative impact dyeing recycled water has on system costs, complexity and potential end uses.

Implications of Advanced Microbial Methods on Treatment Goals for Potable Reuse

Establishing wastewater occurrence of pathogen is important for epidemiological studies, calculation of treatment effectiveness and development of tailored risk-mitigation. In WRF project 4760, suite of pathogens was monitored from five wastewater-treatment plants over two years. Implications of data will be discussed for potable reuse industry and guidance on treatment goals.

Weaving a U.S. Water Reuse Policy Picture: Evaluating Patchwork State Water Reuse Policy Changes from 2012-2022 with Systemic Categorization and GIS Maps

Our presentation will showcase the results of a completed research project evaluating the trends in states' adoption of reuse policies and demonstrate the multidisciplinary toolset used. Attendees will discover the spatial and temporal trends of the US’s evolving water recycling guidelines and regulations through tables, maps, and policy databases.

Pathway to DPR: Transforming the City of Phoenix’s Cave Creek WRF to an AWPF (AZ)

The City of Phoenix is taking active measures to ensure the long-term sustainability and reliability of their drinking water supply. This presentation will cover key aspects of the City’s journey towards DPR: initial studies, design modifications their existing CCWRP to incorporate AWP processes, future demonstration testing and public outreach.

20 Years in the Making on Mary’s Creek- A New WRF for the City of Fort Worth (TX)

Fort Worth is moving forward with the design of a new water reclamation facility (WRF) to serve the western portion of the City. This presentation highlights the role that water reuse played in the decision to construct a new WRF and the eventual resolution of opposition to the discharge permit.

Australian Community Sentiment on Alternative Drinking Water Sources (Australia)

Sentiment towards alternative drinking water sources, including Purified Recycled Water for drinking (PRW) from wastewater, was researched through a stratified national survey of 1,032 people, including metropolitan and regional communities and across representative demographics, as well as a survey of 400 people plus focus groups of the Orange (Australia) community.

Building Local Groundwater Resiliency: High-Capacity Injection at Existing AWTF (CA)

WRD’s LVLAWTF had additional capacity above existing Alamitos Barrier demands. To provide additional supply for improved local groundwater resiliency, WRD installed an onsite high-capacity injection well. This was a jointly managed project by WRD’s engineering and hydrogeology departments. This presentation will walk through the entire process of this successful installation.

Role of Salinity Management in DPR Implementation in Arizona (AZ)

Factoring in long-term salinity control during DPR planning and implementation is crucial for downstream Colorado River water users with higher TDS. TDS was tracked and projected from the raw drinking water source through the wastewater treatment plant and Advanced Water Treatment Facility (AWTF) followed by multiple recycles across AZ.

Evaluation of Virus Removal by Ultrafiltration Using Rapid In-Field Methods (FL)

Ultrafiltration serves as an essential treatment process in reuse projects, removing pathogenic viruses and protozoa. However, the lack of rapid, point-of-use direct-integrity tests for viruses has prevented states from awarding virus LRV credits for ultrafiltration. This presentation shares results from a new, low-cost, field method to quantify viruses in water samples.

Mining Wastewater in Texas for Reuse and DPR

Texas rules on how to obtain an authorization to build and operate a satellite treatment plant for water reuse and DPR (direct potable reuse) projects.

Lessons-Learned from the Long Road to Direct Potable Reuse in Cloudcroft (NM)

The Village of Cloudcroft, NM identified potable reuse as a solution to stressed water resources in the early 2000’s. The project was conceptualized, designed, and partially constructed. The Village is now working to complete the project—recognizing the challenges of implementing Direct Potable Reuse in a small, remote community.

Developing Onsite Water Systems to Support Regional Water Resilience

Pacific Institute’s new “Guide for Developing Onsite Water Systems to Support Regional Water Resilience” equips developers with actionable guidance on how onsite water systems can help advance water resilience, support equity, support the environment, and protect public health. In this session, we will share insights and recommendations from the guide.

Water Reuse for Agriculture - Smart Control Concepts (Germany)

The development of a digital twin for the agricultural wastewater reuse project FlexTreat allows improved control of the O3 + Biofilter+ UV treatment train. Neural network technology correlates online process data for the creation of virtual sensors and performance predictions, e.g. pathogen reduction.

Sustaining Water Supplies for Metro Atlanta Through Water Reuse (GA)

This presentation will provide an overview of how state, regional and local policy has shaped water reuse projects in metro Atlanta. Advanced wastewater treatment systems across the region provide the flexibility for utilities to utilize water reuse to maximize the sustainability of the region’s resources.

Lessons Learned from a BOR Funded Desalination Research Project for CT Blowdown

Working with the US Bureau of Reclamation’s Desalination and Water Purification Program, a Garver-led team conducted an 18-month pilot study evaluating a ZLD process train aimed at further protecting Colorado’s valuable water supplies by recovering the saline cooling tower blowdown from a 600-ton CT, while promoting a circular economy.

Using the Best Science to Develop Pathogen Log Reduction Requirements in DPR

Regulations should not sacrifice public health to reduce costs, but they should also not drive costly, over-engineered systems that exceed what is necessary to protect public health. This talk focuses on new frameworks for regulatory development that simultaneously consider public health protection, environmental justice, and climate change.

Advancing Potable Reuse in Arizona

60 minute Panel
This panel discussion will present the perspectives of Arizona’s Department of Environmental Quality as they develop regulations for direct potable reuse (DPR) and three utilities who have different drivers and challenges for direct potable reuse.

Leading the AWS Wave of Potable Reuse in Central Florida

Polk County Utilities is investigating direct potable reuse as an alternative water supply solution in their water supply planning efforts. This project includes a demonstration-scale pilot system and aims to successfully demonstrate the advanced treatment of reclaimed water to a potable source water meeting federal and state standards.

Implementing Onsite Reuse at the Local Scale

60 Minute Panel
This session will feature a discussion regarding communities' efforts to establish, implement, and grow onsite reuse system programs. The panelists will bring a range of approaches and programs with varying levels of maturity from San Francisco, New York City, the City of Baltimore, and Miami.

Agricultural Reuse for Resilient and Socially Equitable Urban Food Production

Millions of Americans live in low-income areas with low access to fresh food, where agricultural reuse in an urban setting may be ideal. Opportunities for urban agricultural reuse were quantified for Florida and other water-stressed strategic geographies, with a concept presented for producing fresh produce for an urban utility.

Protecting the Chesapeake Through Reuse: A Regional Collaboration (VA)

60 Minute Panel
Virginia agency and utility representatives participating in the “Sustainable Water Initiative for Tomorrow” (SWIFT) program will describe their roles and discuss how they were able to work together to create the largest potable reuse program in the Eastern United States.

Closed Circuit Reverse Osmosis: Piloting Towards a Future of High Recovery

Eastern Municipal Water District has been researching the feasibility and cost of increasing recovery at their Brackish Water desalter campus. This presentation summarizes three years of closed-circuit reverse osmosis system pilot testing. Results showed stable performance above 90 percent recovery and a potential 60% reduction of brine production at full-scale.

Killing Two Birds with One Stone:  Disinfection Strategies (GA)

This paper presents a holistic assessment of the existing UV disinfection at CCWA’s water production plants, including disinfection benchmarking and strategy development to provide pathogen protection and address other water quality concerns associated with indirect potable reuse facilities such as Taste & Odor and Contaminants of Emerging Concern.

State Legislation as a Driver for Increased Water Reuse

In 2021, Florida passed a new law calling for elimination of wastewater discharges to surface waters by 2032. Utilities submitted plans in November 2021 summarizing how they would comply with the law. An overview of these plans will provide a case study of how legislation can lead to increased reuse.

Challenges & Opportunities in One Water Strategic Planning

Change is never easy; transformation is even more challenging, but without transformative change there’s no growth. More communities/utilities across the Western United States are looking at developing or have developed a plan for One Water. So, what are the challenges and opportunities at looking at One Water strategic planning?

Minimum Liquid Discharge Brackish Groundwater Desalination for Irrigation Water (CA)

The days of static, multi-stage RO systems for inland desalination are being displaced by dynamic RO processes. These technologies can reduce concentrate volumes down to 5%, however are ultimately limited by scaling potential and/or osmotic pressure. Implementing CFRO with pretreatment on the concentrate streams allow for <1% concentrate by volume.

Expanded Development of Beneficial Reuse in Franklin Tennessee

The significant population growth in Franklin TN will require consideration of alternative integrated water management strategies. Various opportunities for beneficial reuse are available, including expanding its existing non-potable system for landscape irrigation and augmenting surface water supplies. Pilot testing will confirm a treatment system that produces water fit for purpose.

Membrane Bioreactor Filtrate, a Bin Zero Raw Water for Potable Reuse?

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) typically produce an effluent with pathogen densities lower than the Bin 1 requirements for Raw Water under LT2. Data from Pure Water South Jordan and other efforts will be presented as guidance to support permitting approaches where MBRs are the wastewater treatment upstream of potable reuse schemes.

Nutrient Removal Resilience:  Water Reuse in the Water Rich Great Lakes States

Audience members will be exposed to water reuse drivers in a water rich part of the country, an overview of technology solutions for these reuse applications, and the role of reuse flexibility in long-term nutrient removal planning from wastewater treatment plants.

Tuesday Morning

Breakfast Plenary Session

Water Reuse Interagency Working Group: Federal Collaboration to Build Community Capacity

The Federal Water Reuse Interagency Working Group, established under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, facilitates collaborative actions and develops tools to advance water reuse across the United States. Composed of senior representatives from 15 federal agencies, the Working Group members will discuss accomplishments and goals with the water reuse community. This plenary offers the chance to provide your input on current challenges to implementing reuse at the local level and tangible opportunities to address identified barriers. Join our highly interactive roundtable discussion to learn how the Working Group is building on the success of the National Water Reuse Action Plan and to help inform priorities for increasing capacity to pursue water reuse practices.

Private Sector’s Role in Partnering with Water Utilities to Advance Environmental Justice

60 Minute Panel
Many of society’s issues are intersectional because our work, decisions and fates are interconnected through water infrastructure. As we respond to global imperatives, including climate action, resilience and water reuse, the public and private sectors have an opportunity to partner more meaningfully to uplift communities with a multi-benefits approach.

Small Businesses Innovate Technologies to Advance Onsite Water Reuse

60 Minute Panel
Adoption of new technologies is fundamental to the advancement of onsite water reuse. This panel will feature three SBIR-funded small businesses in different stages of commercializing novel onsite water reuse technologies. They will share their experiences with technology development and connect with other stakeholders in the water reuse community.

Making Potable Reuse a Reality - Fit for Purpose Engineering and Piloting (CA, FL, VA)

60 Minute Panel
Panelists from forward looking organizations are on a journey towards potable reuse, reductions in ocean discharges and increasing system efficiencies. Piloting is a critical step as they shape their engineering, regulatory and communication strategies. Come hear about use of piloting for development of customized strategies and workforce for reuse programs.

Lessons Learned: Israel-U.S. Delegation

In October of 2022, WateReuse Association partnered with the U.S. EPA and Government of Israel to lead a delegation of water reuse professionals and government officials to Isarael. During today's session, participants from the water reuse delegation to Israel will share their insights and discuss lessons learned from the mission.

See, touch, and taste: Offering Consumers Direct Experience with Direct Potable Reuse

60 Minute Panel
Tastings and tours demonstrate the value of offering direct experiences with potable reuse. Understanding what makes these engagements persuasive can help utility professionals maximize and extend their potential. This panel features three presentations that provide inspiring ideas and questions for utilities to consider when incorporating direct experiences into their outreach.

Unlocking the Nationwide Potential of Water Reuse (EPA Research Grant)

60 Minute Panel
Panel discussion featuring Task Leads for the project "Unlocking the Potential of Water Reuse", funded by the EPA. The goal of this research is to unlock the full nationwide potential of water reuse by aligning the development of science and technology with advances in sociological understanding of opportunities and barriers.

Attributes of Successful Utility Research Programs (FL, GA, CA, NV)

60 Minute Panel
This panel will discuss the findings of WRF #5166, Framework for the Development of a Utility Research Program, and share experiences of utilities with internal research programs. The goal of this project was to identify attributes of successful research programs and develop a framework for utilities interested in developing programs.

Stories of Water Reuse Projects Supported by EPA’s WIFIA

60 Minute Panel
A panel of speakers from EPA and the sector will describe several examples of how EPA’s WIFIA has supported water reuse projects that support a range of water supply and quality needs while empowering borrowers to be more financially agile and maintaining affordability.

Expanding Water Resiliency in Colorado Through Urban Stormwater Capture and Use

This research and policy-driven proposal explores the untapped potential of stormwater capture and use (SCU) to contribute to Colorado's water supply-demand gap and identifies and monetizes the benefits associated with SCU as a water supply and the multi-benefit outcomes that are inherent within this strategy.

Mapping the Impact of TOC Transformation on DBP Generation in UV/AOP in Reuse

This work uses fEEM analysis to characterize changes in TOC in a suite of potable reuse and drinking water sources. This presentation summarizes our findings on UV-AOP’s impact on TOC and its relationship to DBP formation and illustrate how fEEM can be used to inform system design and operations.

Updated Pathogen Log-Reduction Targets for Onsite Non-Potable Water Reuse

Risk-based water management relies on treatment targets derived using quantitative risk assessment. Here, we present updated pathogen log-reduction targets (LRTs) for onsite non-potable water systems reflecting the latest science on pathogen densities in source waters and their respective public health impacts.

Panel on State Produced Water Treatment & Reuse Approaches

60 Minute Panel
This panel will provide information from several different states on the regulatory requirements and lessons learned on the health and safety of the fit-for purpose treatment and reuse of oil and gas produced water in their states, and how they could applied in other states.

Life Cycle Assessment and Cost Analysis of Potable Reuse: IPR, Ozone-BAC and RO (GA)

A life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) that estimates environmental impact and cost of operating an existing indirect potable reuse water system in Gwinnett County, Georgia and compares that impact to two direct potable reuse scenarios centered on reverse osmosis (RO) and ozone-biologically activated carbon (ozone-BAC).

One Water in Action: Innovation Technologies and Solutions to Promote a Water Circular Economy

Industry Breakout Session
In this presentation, Michael Rosenfeld, WFI Group’s Business Development Executive for North America, will discuss solutions that can help mitigate the effects of chronic drought and water scarcity. These solutions make the most of available water resources while maximizing reuse to increase the supply of drinking water as well as water for industrial and agricultural uses.

Stormwater Capture and Use –A Planning Approach and Future Research

This presentation explores the various opportunities for stormwater capture and use, a planning framework to that incorporates the key factors that help identify the most applicable opportunities and benefits, and the required research that would support more wide-spread implementation of stormwater capture and use as a water management strategy.

VUV-biofiltration: Innovative Integrated Treatment for Potable Reuse

While FAT and ozone-BAF are used in potable reuse, new advanced multi-barrier treatment trains are needed to address emerging regulatory requirements, such as PFAS. Results of VUV-biofiltration for removal of micropollutants will be presented with a description of how PFAS destruction could be addressed in potable reuse.

Successful Implementation of Onsite and Distributed Water Reuse Systems

Successful implementation of onsite and distributed water reuse systems (ODWRS) requires knowing what motivates adoption and how to navigate challenges. We provide insight for facilitating local transitions to ODWRS as a mainstream approach to water management by characterizing drivers and barriers to successful implementation using over 250 ODWRS case studies.

Implementing Reuse in the Water DROP Initiative in Miami-Dade County (FL)

Miami-Dade Water and Sewer Department (WASD) is the primary water provider for 2.3M residents, and operates 9 WTPs and 3 WWTPs. Up to $13.6B in capital projects are underway by integrating data-driven decision process into the overall plan, building resiliency and providing sustainable water resources and reuse into the future.

Intelligent Human Machine Interface to Support Broader Adoption of Potable Reuse

Industry Breakout Session (60 min)
National Water Research Institute (NWRI) and Carollo Engineers recently concluded the first phase of collaborative research to demonstrate the accuracy and benefits of machine learning to optimize membrane performance.  The goal of the project is to provide reliable operational recommendations in real time and to implement a secure data transfer platform to support the Optimization Interface and Control System (OPTICS) human/machine interface.

Supporting Water Reuse through FEMA Hazard Mitigation Programs

FEMA’s Hazard Mitigation Grant Program and Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities program are intended to help communities build resilience to different natural disasters, including drought. FEMA and EPA are collaborating to clarify and emphasize that water reuse is an effective mitigation measure for drought that is potentially eligible for funding.

Guidance for Treatment of Stormwater to Meet Pathogen Reduction Targets

This presentation summarizes guidance developed for treatment of stormwater to meet pathogen reduction requirements. The guidance includes estimation of human fecal contamination in stormwater as well as a summary of appropriate treatment process trains to meet varying pathogen reduction targets.

Controlling Haloacetonitriles Formation in Potable Reuse

Ranked number three in drinking water, haloacetonitriles (HANs) are the most toxic DBPs based on a toxicity-weighted basis. This Water Research Foundation-funded project explores the mitigation and prevention of HANs formation.

Novel Energy Efficient External Tubular MBR for Onsite Water Reuse

Onsite reuse systems typically require MBR technology to meet stringent regulatory requirements. MF or UF membranes can either be external tubular cartridges or submerged cassettes. External tubular systems require less than half the energy of submerged systems, which saves money and provides the option to utilize decentralized power.

WaterSTAR: Produced Water Quality and Quantity Database

WaterSTAR is a water data portal that is a free and publicly accessible database of all currently available produced water quality and quantity data in New Mexico. The portal is designed to provide more user-friendly and convenient one-stop access to produced water information by the public, engineers, analysts, and planners.

Bioassays for Water Quality Monitoring:  Ready for Prime Time?

Bioassays have been employed for water quality monitoring for over twenty years. Today's advances in genomics coupled with novel fractionation and instrumental analyses have increased the capacity to monitor water quality comprehensively. The EPA has called for a ban of mammalian testing by 2035, thus increasing the relevance of bioassays.

Tuesday Afternoon

Luncheon Plenary Session

Helping Industry Meet ESG Goals: The Business of Water Recycling

Public companies are facing increasing pressure from regulators, politicians, and investors to participate in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting. This panel brings together top executives representing a variety of industries, including technology, energy, and food & beverage to explore how water recycling can help industry achieve resiliency goals. The panel will discuss the impacts of new ESG requirements, the potential for ESG practices to improve a company’s reputation with investors, and public-private partnerships that can help industry embrace water recycling.

Designing PWD's AWT Demonstration Facility to Gain Public Acceptance (CA)

Pure Water Antelope Valley (PWAV), a potential 5-MGD potable reuse program, is a major undertaking by the Palmdale Water District (PWD) to diversify its water supplies. A demonstration facility / education center, with unique features, is being designed by PWD to gain public acceptance for PWAV.

Program Management for Utilities - Using Your Program to Drive Innovation (CA)

LADWP is currently developing a Master Plan for the Operation NEXT Program. This mega-infrastructure program requires innovative, large-scale program management techniques and methods that will drive improvements in quality and performance, and can serve as a blueprint for setting up data-driven processes and tools for utilities to aid decision-making.

Impacts of WW Performance on Advanced Treatment: Membrane Edition

Water research foundation project 4833 has quantified water resource recovery facility operational and effluent water quality parameters that significantly influence design of downstream membrane processes for advanced reuse. This presentation will describe the correlations with influencing factors and a new desktop piloting apparatus to reduce design uncertainty.

Tracking Down the Sources and Fate of PFAS in Land-Applied Reused Water (OR)

PFAS pose a threat to many reuse applications due to concerns about potential contamination of soils and groundwater. CWS has worked to identify and mitigate the main sources of PFAS in the sewer shed, and has been collecting data from fields using reuse for irrigation to understand and mitigate potential risks.

Piedmont Hospital Reuse System – Increasing Operational Resilience and Reducing Cost (GA)

An MBR/UV/RO system was commissioned at Piedmont Hospital in December 2022 to reuse onsite generated wastewater, increasing resilience of clean water supply at lower cost, reducing discharge by 55% and thus saving the Atlanta watershed resource in line with Atlanta City Councils Green Infrastructure strategic action plan.

The Role of Desalination to Offset Growing Water Scarcity

60 Minute Panel
The IDA panel will address various global trends and topics related to desalination solutions, policy, and market development, from an international perspective. They will present seawater and brackish water desalination, highlighting the opportunity desalination solutions offer to offset growing water scarcity as part of integrated water resources management: desalination energy consumption, cost, eco-brine management, integration of AI, and valuable resource recovery programs. As water is a key element in reaching the seventeen UN Sustainable Development Goals, the discussion will also include the potential for engagement with the United Nations and other non-governmental organizations to promote greater water sustainability using unconventional water solutions, specifically desalination and water reuse. Finally, the panel will provide data to dispel the stigma using examples from countries where environmental stewardship is at the forefront of the agenda, such as Australia, the USA, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Spain.

Collaborative Delivery for Reuse: Comparing Design-Build, CMAR and Non-Traditional Project Delivery Methods to Maximize Outcomes

Industry Breakout Session (60 min)
This panel will discuss the pros and cons, expectations versus reality, unforeseen outcomes and strategies to consider when using different collaborative delivery methods for capital improvement projects. The panel will include a variety of perspectives from Owners who have experienced both traditional and non-traditional   processes to provide a comparison of the various delivery methods typically used in the industry. The panel will also discuss how the process can be maximized to handle the increased need for improving schedule, maximizing spending and utilizing innovation for reuse and other water or wastewater treatment projects.

Microplastic Prevalence & the Importance of Consumer Messaging for Potable Reuse

WRF 5155 represents an unprecedented proactive effort to develop appropriate microplastics consumer messaging for utilities. This research addresses both a practical and perception problem for potable reuse treatment facilities, considering the use of both membrane processes that can shed microplastics and wastewater sources known to have ubiquitous microplastic contamination.

Water Workforce for Resilient Communities: Engaging the Next Generation

This presentation will highlight two ongoing projects currently underway which aim to address critical staffing storages at water and wastewater utilities in North Georgia by effectively recruiting, engaging, and educating the next generation of water workers.

Quantification of Pathogen Removal through Tertiary and Secondary MBRs (MWD) (CA)

The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (Metropolitan) and Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts (LACSD) are jointly considering a 150-MGD potable reuse program. MBR pathogen removal analysis approaches from tertiary MBR demonstration testing, and methods to evaluate pathogen removal in a secondary MBR will be presented.

Reuse, RO, and PFAS? Implications for Treatment and Destruction 

This presentation will highlight results from field pilot-scale assessments performed on the rejection of PFAS by high-pressure reverse osmosis (RO) / nanofiltration (NF) membranes and the subsequent destruction of PFASs in membrane concentrate. Implications on the fate and opportunities for PFAS treatment in reuse will be overviewed.

Atmospheric Water Capture: An Emerging Way to Reuse Water from the Air

Atmospheric water generation (AWG), or water capture, is gaining attention for home water use, mobile military water needs, and even several breweries that market water from the air.

Thinking Big, Building Small: Demonstration Facilities to Support Water Reuse

Whether potable or non-potable, water reuse often has initial political and public challenges and concerns about water quality. Small demonstration scale systems can provide political and public engagement opportunities, engineering concepts and efficiency evaluation, and operator training. This presentation will highlight water reuse demonstration systems implemented across the US.

Optimizing Your Reuse Plant Operations (SC)

The presentation will cover the basics, benefits, and case studies of the Partnership for safe/clean water programs and how they can and have been used to optimize a reuse or recycling water plant.

Ozone-BAC in California DPR Projects – There Are Knowns and Unknowns (CA)

In this paper, we will summarize current state of knowledge on Ozone-BAC and present the gray areas with knowledge gaps and what we can do to fill the knowledge gaps so we can rely on ozone-BAC for effective chemical control in DPR projects.

How to Plan for PFAS in Carbon-Based Potable Reuse Implementation

With impending Per-and-polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) rulemaking, removal of PFAS is becoming critical for potable reuse projects. However, removal of PFAS is expected to be minimal across Ozone-BAC treatment steps. Therefore, the path forward on how to plan for PFAS treatment/destruction within carbon-based potable reuse implementation will be presented.

Evaluation of WRRF Alternatives for Water Reuse at Zoo Miami (FL)

Black & Veatch (BV) partnered with the Miami-Dade Water and Sewer Department (MDWASD) to develop a water reuse system for the Zoo Miami to provide a more sustainable and cost-effective alternative to supply water for animal operations. BV evaluated several treatment alternatives for the design of a water reuse system.

Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Comparing Water Reuse and Seawater Desalination

The decision to invest in alternative water resources—like wastewater reuse or seawater desalination—for potable water production depends on a variety of disparate factors. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) provides a framework to study how techno-economic, environmental, and social factors influence this decision as a function of plant capacity and location.

A Practical Means to Measure Membrane Integrity in IPR/DPR Reuse: Pressure Decay Testing in UF and MBRs.

Wastewater reuse with membrane separation represents a pathway toward increased water supply resiliency. To meet increasingly stringent pathogen log-removal value (LRV) requirements, the preferred advanced wastewater treatment train consists of a conventional activated sludge system with a secondary clarifier, followed by microfiltration/ultrafiltration (MF/UF), reverse osmosis (RO), then a UV-advanced oxidation process (UV-AOP) followed by storage in an environmental buffer such as an   aquifer. However, footprint and capacity advantages of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) over conventional sludge/clarifier/UF treatment are leading to an increase in MBR applications in reuse treatment trains. While the pressure decay test (PDT) has long been recognized by the federal Membrane Filtration Guidance Manual (MFGM) as a direct integrity test for LRVs in drinking water membrane systems and wastewater reuse with UF, its use in MBRs has yet to be fully realized in the US. This presentation describes the application of PDTs in wastewater reuse, including UF and MBR, and presents MBR PDT results at full-scale internationally, and recent developments in US MBR applications.

Microplastics – Tackling the Next Big (and Tiny) Unknown (CA)

Microplastics legislation for drinking water and aquatic systems in California has utilities considering what might come down the pipe for wastewater and recycled water systems. Utility forums were held in Northern and Southern California to identify research needs and information gaps to prepare for potential future regulations for recycled water.

Ensuring Safety in Potable Reuse: Monitoring Needs and Opportunities

This research focused on identifying needs and opportunities for monitoring during potable reuse treatment, focusing on microbial contaminants, chemical contaminants, operational needs, and data management and analytics. This includes a summary of state-of-the-art technologies currently used, those requiring further development before full-scale application, future outlook and recommendations.

Private-Public Collaborations for Successful Water Replenishment

Successful execution on ESG commitments, in particular water stewardship and water replenishment require trusted partners. This session presents how a corporation funded a municipal project to meet its water stewardship commitment, the structure of the funding process and the minimum project definition requirements to solicit corporate stewardship funding.

How Membrane Bioreactors Fit in the Future of Treatment and Enabling Reuse

Utilities are faced with challenges to adapt to their future needs for treatment and resource recovery. This presentation will explore four key areas where Membrane Bioreactors are evolving to meet these challenges including scalability for large flows, energy optimization, integration with treatment for wet weather flows and enabling potable reuse.

Treatment to Address Chemical Peaks: Is there Flexibility in DPR Process Train?

The draft California DPR regulations require new pre-treatment steps—ozone followed by biologically active carbon filtration (O3-BAC)—to address several public health concerns, including chemical peaks that may pass through FAT. This presentation focuses on the importance of the O3-BAC location within the DPR treatment train and alternatives to O3-BAC.

Collaborative Development of Non-RO IPR at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton (CA)

Fallbrook Public Utilities District and Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton are collaborating on two potential carbon-based IPR projects to reuse wastewater effluent that is currently discharged into the ocean. The presentation will discuss feasibility analysis, pilot testing, conceptual designs, cost estimates, and the roadmap for these agencies to implement IPR.

International Plumbing and Residential Code Requirements for Onsite Water Reuse

This presentation will provide a general overview of the International Plumbing Codes (IPC) various methods of reusing water: Raise our awareness of alternate uses for “wastewater.” Explore the various types of non-potable water systems. Review some specific requirements for the systems.

Using a BAC Filter Model to Make Better Design Decisions.

A biological activated carbon filter model was developed that simulates the complex and interconnected aspects of the process. Used on its own, or in conjunction with piloting, the model provides a powerful tool to optimize process design. This presentation will review the model and lessons learned from its application.

Real-Time Data Processing and Event Classification for Direct Potable Reuse

DPR requires continuous data quality monitoring and rapid identification and response to process failures. We discuss a data processing and event classification framework designed to address this need and describe the components of the framework, the design philosophy, case studies (including both desktop analyses and real-time deployment), and lessons learned.

Advanced Water Treatment: Lowering the Carbon Footprint of Water Recycling

Cleaning products, disinfectants and other persistent chemicals reduce efficiency in WRRFs and the capacity for AWT. Pretreating wastewater with air nanobubbles in Goleta, CA resulted in increased capacity of existing facilities and reduced energy and chemical usage, which ultimately increased the resources available for water reuse and reduced their carbon-footprint.

Re-thinking Membrane Bioreactor Design for Advanced Treatment

Design considerations for membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have become well established in municipal and industrial applications. This presentation considers what updates would be required for advanced treatment applications, where downstream processes and public health regulations require more consistent effluent and advanced monitoring.

SFPUC’s Journey: From Non-Potable Opportunities to Planning Direct Potable Reuse

The San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC) is investigating an array of alternative water supply projects to increase the reliability and resiliency of water supply. This project represents SFPUC’s integrated approach to non-potable and potable reuse, identifying the current regulatory, technical, cost, and community engagement considerations for such a project.

The Pretreatment Program Drives the Future of One Water (CA)

Industrial Waste Management Division (IWMD) administers the pretreatment program for Los Angeles. IWMD supports the City’s one water planning through their local limits, reclamation plant response, and numerous outreach programs. IWMD’s work can serve as a model to other agencies on how to push towards one water initiatives.

Google Bayview: Blackwater Reuse Facility Lessons Learned (CA)

An educational presentation regarding the lessons learned of Google Bayview’s blackwater treatment and reuse facility. The panel includes owner (Google), and systems integrators/operators (Natural Systems Utilities). The discussion covers all phases of the project including design, permitting, implementation, operations, benefits & more.

Wednesday Morning

Breakfast Plenary Session

Water Reuse Regulator Summit Briefing

State regulatory agencies from across the U.S. come together on the first day of the Annual WateReuse Symposium to discuss and share information and experiences on programs and approaches for the management of water reuse. This briefing will share highlights from the 2023 Water Reuse Regulator Summit, including common needs and priority actions identified. The regulator summit supports National Water Reuse Action Plan, Action 2.2: Enhance State Collaboration on Water Reuse.

Water Reuse in the One Water Research Portfolio

The Water Research Foundation (WRF) is the world’s leading One Water research and innovation organization and a collaborator in planning and presenting the Annual WateReuse Symposium. Water reuse research supports regulatory and policy decisions and drives innovation that can improve the cost and efficiency of planning and operating a water recycling program. Join CEO Peter Grevatt for an insider look at how water reuse is weaved into WRF’s One Water research portfolio, an overview of research priorities, and a discussion of the potential for recent state and federal investments in water reuse research to accelerate the adoption of water recycling as a water management tool.

Innovation Plenary Session

Setting the Stage for Potable Reuse: 50 Years of the Clean Water Act

Water recycling couldn’t exist as it does today without the Clean Water Act. Fifty years ago, the law famously improved the quality of many of our nation’s rivers, beaches, and waterways setting the stage for advanced water purification processes that allow us to make any water drinkable. Growing public acceptance and the appeal of more cost-effective single distribution systems are leading an increasing number of communities to build potable water reuse into their water management plans, if not for today, as an inevitable part of the future. Our panel of state regulators, utility leaders, and environmentalists will consider a future where potable reuse is the norm everywhere, including in non-arid regions, and discuss how we get there.

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