Modules:

Design or redesign a landscape

Estimate the water needs of landscape plants

Determining a factor for landscape plants other than turfgrass, part 2: Observation-based approach

Assigning a species factor, KS

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Table 7. Observation-based species factor (KS) for selected perennials in Southern California*

  Factor (KS) for South Coast Factor (KS) for South Inland
Name of Plant Source 1** Source 2*** Source 1** Source 2***
Achillea millefolium & hybrids (common yarrow) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Anigozanthos flavidus (kangaroo paw) 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30 0.50 0.10–0.30
Armeria maritima (sea pink), a.k.a. Armeria alliacea 0.50 0.40–0.60 0.50 0.40–0.60
Artemisia pycnocephala & cultivars (sandhill sage) 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Astericus maritimus (gold coin, Canary Island daisy) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Brachycome multifida (cut-leaf daisy) 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60 0.50 0.40–0.60
Centaurea cineraria (dusty miller) 0.25 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Centhratus ruber (red valerian) 0–0.25 0.10–0.30 0–0.25 0.10–0.30
Cheiranthus 'Bowles Mauve' (wallflower), a.k.a. Erysimum 'Bowles Mauve' 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60 0.50 0.40–0.60
Convolvulus cneorum (bush morning glory) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Convolvulus mauritanicus (ground morning glory), a.k.a. Convolvulus sasbatius 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Coreopsis lanceolata (coreopsis) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Dietes iridioides (fortnight lily) 0.25 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Elymus (wild rye) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25 0.10–0.30
Epilobium species (California fuchsia) 0.25 0–0.10 0.25 0.10–0.30
Erigeron glaucus (beach aster) 0.25 0.40–0.60 0.50 0.40–0.60
Erigeron karvinskianus (Mexican daisy, fleabane) 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Eschscholzia californica (California poppy) 0–0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25 0.10–0.30
Euphorbia milii (crown of thorns) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25 0.10–0.30
Euphorbia rigida 0.25 0–0.10 0.25 0.10–0.30
Eurypos pectinatus (euryops, shrub daisy) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Galliardia grandiflora (blanket flower) 0.25 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Gaura lindheimeri (gaura) 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Helianthemum nummularium (sunrose, helianthemum) 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Helictotrichon sempervirens (blue oat grass) 0.25 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Heuchera sanguinea (coral bells) 0.50 0.40–0.60 0.50 0.40–0.60
Iris douglasiana (Pacific Coast iris) 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60 0.50 0.40–0.60
Kniphofia uvaria (red-hot poker) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Lobelia laxiflora (Mexican bush lobelia) 0.25 0–0.10 0.25 0–0.10
Muhlenbergia dumosa (bamboo muhly) 0.25 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Oenothera speciosa (Mexican evening primrose) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Penstemon wild species 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25 0.10–0.30
Perovskia atriplicifolia (Russian sage) 0.25 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Phlomis cretica 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Romneya coulteri (Matilija poppy) 0–0.25 0–0.10 0–0.25 0.10–0.30
Salvia californica (Baja California sage) 0–0.25 0–0.10 0–0.25 0–0.10
Senecio cineraria (dusty miller) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Sisyrinchium bellum (blue-eyed grass) 0–0.25 0.10–0.30 0–0.25 0.10–0.30
Stachys byzantina (lamb's ear) 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Tagetes lemmonii (mountain marigold) 0.25 0.10–0.30 0.25–0.50 0.10–0.30
Thymus (thyme) 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60
Tulbaghia violacea (society garlic) 0.50 0.40–0.60 0.50 0.40–0.60
Verbena hybrids (garden verbena) 0.25 0.40–0.60 0.25–0.50 0.40–0.60

* Observation-based estimated percentages of the reference evapotranspiration, expressed as fractions

** Adapted from Perry 1992

*** Adapted from Costello and Jones 1999

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